Ubwo Abakoloni bageraga mu Rwanda (Abadage bahageze mu 1899-1916 n’Ababiligi mu 1916-1959) u Rwanda rwatakaje ubwigenge rwahoranye muri politiki, ubukungu ndetse n’umuco. Ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda bwagenzurwaga n’abatware b’abakoloni babaga bagamije inyungu zabo, nubwo zabaga zitari mu nyungu z’Abanyarwanda.
Abakoloni bashyizeho amategeko ndetse batoranya abayobozi mu buryo bwari bugamije inyungu zabo bwite, mu gihe gahunda z’ubukungu zahinduwe ku buryo ibicuruzwa byose byakorerwaga mu Rwanda byagombaga kujyanwa ku masoko y’abo bakoloni, bikajyanwa nta nyungu na nke bisigiye Abanyarwanda.
Abakoloni kandi batangije amashuri ndetse bazana imyemerere yari igamije kugera ku ntego yo kwigisha umuco wabo, basenya umuco Abanyarwanda bari basanganywe.
Abakoloni bakoresheje ihame ryo gutandukanya abantu kugira ngo ubone uburyo bworoshye bwo kubayobora, barema ibinyoma bitandukanye bivuga ko Abanyarwanda bafite inkomoko zitandukanye, batigeze bagerera mu Gihugu igihe kimwe, badafite ubuhanga bungana, badakwiriye gukora akazi kamwe, ndetse ngo bahabwe uburezi buhuriweho, ibyo byose bigamije gucamo Abanyarwanda ibice.
Uku gutandukanya Abanyarwanda no gutonesha igice kimwe cyabo ni byo byaje gusenya ubumwe bahoranye.
Mu ntangiriro za 1950, ubwo ibihugu bya Afurika byarimo kurwanira ubwigenge, Abanyarwanda na bo barwaniye ubwigenge bwabo. Benshi mu barwaniye ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda icyo gihe bari Abatutsi. Ibi byatumye Ababiligi batangira gukwirakwiza ingengabitekerezo y’uko Abatutsi bari abanyamahanga bakomoka muri Abyssinia (ubu ni muri Etiyopiya)
Bashishikarije Abahutu gusenya no gutwika ingo zabo, kubica ndetse no kubohereza mu buhunzi. Byageze mu mpera za 1959, Ishyaka rya PARMEHUTU ryaremeye iyo ngengabitekerezo ndetse rinayishyira mu bikorwa, rishyigikiwe n’abakoloni.
U Rwanda rwabonye ubwigenge mu 1962 nyuma y’ubwicanyi bwakozwe na MDR-PARMEHUTU aho Abatutsi benshi babuze ubuzima bwabo, abandi bagahunga Igihugu. Iryo shyaka ni ryo ryaje guhabwa igihembo cyo kuyobora u Rwanda.
Nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rubonye ubwigenge mu 1962, ubutegetsi bwa MDR-PARMEHUTU (1962-1973) ndetse n’ubutegetsi bwa MRND (1973-1994) bwahisemo politiki yo gukomeza guheza Abanyarwanda yazanywe n’abakoloni, bituma ibibazo bikomeza kwiyongera muri rusange.
Ubwo butegetsi bwombi bwaranzwe n’imiyoborere mibi irimo:
Kwigisha amacakubiri
Kubiba urwango mu Banyarwanda
Kwima bamwe mu Banyarwanda amahirwe yo kwiga, gukora ndetse no kwinjira muri politiki
Gutoteza bamwe mu Banyarwanda, gusenya ndetse no gutwika ingo zabo, kubica, kubohereza mu buhunzi ndetse no kugeza kuri Jenoside mu 1994.
Kwirengagiza ihame rya demokarasi ndetse no kudatanga amahirwe ku bantu kugira ngo bagire uruhare mu miyoborere.
Kutagira gahunda z’ubukungu zihamye mu rwego rwo guteza imbere u Rwanda, ibyatumye Abanyarwanda bibasirwa n’ubukene, ibyorezo, ubujiji ndetse bakanashingira ku nkunga z’amahanga.
Gushyira imbere inyungu z’abayobozi aho kuba imibereho myiza y’abaturage, ibyatumye ruswa, icyenewabo, kwangiza no kunyereza umutungo w’Igihugu byiyongera.
Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi washinzwe ufite intego yo kurwanya imiyoborere mibi yaranze amateka y’u Rwanda ndetse no gukemura ibibazo byose biyikomokaho.
Yaba urugamba rwa politiki n’urw’amasasu, byose byari bigamije kubohora u Rwanda ingoma y’igitugu kugira ngo hubakwe Igihugu cyubahiriza amategeko ndetse kikagendera kuri demokarasi, amahoro, umutekano, ubutabera ndetse n’iterambere.
Porogaramu ya politiki y’Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi irasobanuwe muri iyi nyandiko. Igamije gukemura ibibazo bigoye bya politiki, ubukungu, ndetse n’ibibazo by’imibanire u Rwanda rwanyuzemo.
Porogaramu ya politiki y’Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi
Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi, nyuma yo gusuzuma ibibazo byugaruje Igihugu cyacu, nk’uko biri mu mateka yarwo, by’umwihariko:
Hashingiwe ku kuba kugarura ubumwe mu Banyarwanda ari ingenzi, ndetse no kuba ubumwe bugomba kuba umusingi wubakirwaho amahoro n’iterambere mu Rwanda,
Hashingiwe ku buryo politiki yo guheza no kutita ku burenganzira bwa muntu mu Banyarwanda yagejeje kuri Jenoside,
Hashingiwe ku kuba gutanga uburenganzira bwo kugira uruhare mu guhitamo abayobozi ari ishingiro rya demokarasi nyayo n’iterambere,
Hashingiwe ku ntego yo gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo bya politiki, ubukungu n’imibanire u Rwanda ruhura na byo,
Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi wafashe icyemezo cyo gushyiraho porogaramu ya politiki igamije kubaka Igihugu gitanga uburenganzira bungana ku Banyarwanda bose.
Iyi porogaramu igizwe n’ingingo icyenda:
1.Kugarura ubumwe mu Banyarwanda
2.Kubumbatira ubusugire bw’Igihugu n’umutekano w’abantu n’ibintu
3.Kubaka ubuyobozi bushingiye kuri demokarasi
4.Kubaka ubukungu bushingiwe ku mutungo bwite w’Igihugu
5.Guca umuco wa ruswa, gutonesha, imicungire mibi y’umutungo w’Igihugu n’izindi ngeso mbi zijyanye na byo
6.Kuzamura imibereho myiza y’Abaturage
7.Guca burundu impamvu zose zitera ubuhunzi no gucyura impunzi
8.Guharanira umubano hagati y’u Rwanda n’ibindi bihugu ushingiye ku bwubahane, ubufatanye n’ubuhahirane,
9.Kurwanya Jenoside n’ingengabitekerezo yayo
Ishyaka FPR-Inkotanyi (FPR mu magambo ahinnye y’igifaransa ; izina mu gifaransa : Front Patriotique Rwandais ) ni ishyaka rya politiki mu Rwanda.
Leta iyobowe na FPR yashyizeho iminsi mikuru – Umunsi w’ Intwari (1 Gashyantare), Umunsi wo kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi (7 Mata), Umunsi w’ Ubwigenge (1 Nyakanga), Umunsi wo kwibohoza (4 Nyakanga), n’ Umunsi wo gukunda igihugu (1 Ukwakira) – muri gahunda yo gucengeza ubumwe hagati y’ amoko kimwe no guha abayobozi urubuga rwo kwibutsa abanyarwanda ko bagomba kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside. Itegekonshinga ryasubiwemo muri 2003 ryaciye imvugo yose yerekeranye n’ amoko (ingingo ya 33) kimwe no guhana umuntu wese uvangura amoko cg upfobya jenoside (ingingo ya 13). FPR kandi yahinduye muri 2006 amazina y’ uturere mu nzengo zose z’ ubutegetsi, kuva ku mirenge kugeza mu ntara, muri gahunda yo gukingira abacitse ku icumu no kubibagiza aho ababo baguye.
Gasamagera Wellars, Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi, yasobanuye ko FPR Inkotanyi atari ishyaka ahubwo ko ari Umuryango winjirwamo n’uwo ari we wese. Yavuze ko n’uwavuye mu Muryango ashobora kongera kuwugarukamo.
Mu butumwa bugufi bwatambutse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga z’Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi, Gasamagera yagize ati: “Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi si ishyaka, Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi ni umutwe wa Politiki, kuva ugishingwa mbere na mbere, wifuza ko wahuza abanyarwanda bose, abanyarwanda bose bakajyamo nta n’umwe uhejwe ariko nta n’ubihatiwe.”
Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi nta karita utanga ku muntu wese uwugiyemo ahubwo ngo ajyanamo umutima we. Ikindi kandi n’aho ashakiye ashobora kuwuvamo kuko nabyo ngo biremewe.
Gasamagera ahamya ko yakira amabaruwa y’abantu bavuga ko bavuye mu Muryango ariko bagasaba kuwugarukamo.
Ati: “Icyo kintu cyo guhuza abanyarwanda bose ni cyo dushyira imbere.
Ishyaka rigira abantu barijyamo aho baba bari bikamera nka club, ni ukuvuga ngo utaririmo ntarimo ariko twebwe turavuga ngo n’utaririmo naze.
Niyo mpamvu tutabyita ishyaka rya politiki tukabyita umuryango kuko duhuje abanyarwanda bose n’ababishaka. Twifuza ko nta n’umwe wahezwa cyane cyane iyo twemeranywa kuri ya mahame tugenderaho.”
Amahame nayo arasobanutse, arazwi, aragaragara ni yo mpamvu iryo jambo ryo kuvuga ngo ni ishyaka rya politiki ntabwo byitwa ishyaka, babyita ko ari umuryango.
Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi, Gasamagera, yavuze ko udaheza, ntawe usaba kuba umunyamuryango (membership) ahubwo wifuza ko n’abatari abanyamuryango bawuzamo.
