Rwanda-Urundi, porovensi ya Kongo Mbirigi Ku itariki ya 21 Kanama 1925 ni ho Leta y’Ababirigi yashyizeho
itegeko-te ka rigenga imitegekere ya Rwanda-Urundi. Iryo tegeko r
fatany ije na Kongo, ubwo Rwanda-Urundi ifatwa nka provensi yaongo
Mbirigi.
Mu buryo bwo guhugura abasomyi hari uwanditse muri K.M. No 10Ukwakira 1943 ati “porovensi za Kongo ni Leopoldville, Kostermans.ville, Kokilfatyville, Lusambo, Stanleyville, Elisabethvile na Rwanda.Urundi. lcyo gihe amahanga atatwegereye yitaga Abanyarwanda n’Aba-rundi Abakongomani cyangwa Abanyekongo kuko Kongo ari yo yariizwi cyane kubera ubunini bwayo. Ariko n’ubu hari Abazu ngu bakitwitagutyo. Umunyarwanda cyangwa Umurundi yagera i Burayi akababwiraigihugu cye kavukire abandi bati “aho turahazi ni porovensi ya Kongo(Zayire ubu) kimwe na za Shaba na Kivu n’izindi”.
N’ubwo Rwanda-Uru ndi yari indagizo ya S.D.N., Ababirigi bamazekuyifatanya na Kongo bayitege ka nk’aho ari koroni yabo bigaruriye.
Mu makonje ya Leta yatangwaga muri Rwanda-Urundi habaga iyoku wa 1 Nyakanga yo kwibu ka ishingwa rya Leta ya Kongo n’umwamiLewoporidi Il wari waray iremye mu 1885. Hatangwaga n’ikonji yo kuwa 18 Ukwakira kubera ko Kongo yari iya Lewoporidi || ku giti cyenoneho akayihera Leta Mbirigi kuri 18 Ukwakira 1908. (Ayo makonjeari muri kurerera Imana 1954 No 54). lbi byose byo gufata RwanddUrundi nk’aho ari Porovensi ya Koroni yabo, Ababirigi barabi komenaho Umuryango W’Abibumbye (LONI) ubemereyeho indagizo mu1946.
lcyifuzo, cyo kugira u Rwanda n’u Burundi lgihugu kimwerukumbí.
mbira hamwe u Rwanda n’u Burundi bikaba igihugu kimwe rukumbi,”Kugeza mu 1930, u Bubirigi bwari bufite umushinga Wo kubu-
umurwa mukuru ugashy irwa Asitirida. (Chrétien 1970: 264).
Ni ukuvuga ko ibyo bihugu byari kugira umukuru w’igihugu umweahari na ba Rezida ba buri gihugu bakavaho. Igitekerezo cy’uko Guve-rineri yari kwicara Asitirida cyari kikivugwa mu 1950. Muri K,M.No 214 Kanama 1950. p.1. habonekamo inyandiko yasobanuraga koIshuri ry’Abash ariti Leta Mbirigi yarigeneye Rwanda-Urundi, iyuba-kisha Asitirida hategany ijwe ko uwo mugi ari wo uzaba umurwa mukuruw’ibyo bihugu.
Umushinga wo guhuza ikirundi n’ikinyarwanda
Ubwo Ababirigi bibazaga niba Abanyarwandan’Abarundi bashobo-ra kubumbirwa mu gihugu kimwe, umwandi tsi w’i Burundi yohererejeiki kibazo K.M. Werurwe 1950. Umutwe w’inyandiko ye ni : “Ikinya-wanda n’Ikirundi bishobora kuba ururimi rumwe ?” Yagiraga ati “Ku-mva abantu barenze miliyoni eshanu ni ibintu by iza. (Ni umubare w’icyogihe). Wabisanga hake muri Afurika. Bashatse kugira rumwe ntibyaru-shya cyane. Byadushy ira imbere kandi, maze tukagira amagambo menshirugakwira, ntitujye tugomba gutira izindi ndimi zo mu mahanga ya kure.
Amajyambere yacu ntabasha gukomera tutagize ibitabo byinshikandi by iza by’ubwenge byanditswe mu rurimi rwacu, kuko harihoAbanyamwete babuze uburyo bwo kwiga mu mashuri makuru, ndetsen’amato :ariko babonye ibitabo by’ubwenge byanditse mu rurimi rwa-cu bashobora kujya biy igisha by inshi. Tuzabona bene ibyo bitabobigizwe n’ururimi rwacu, tubanje kuruhuza, Jye sinshidikanya ko ubwoburyo bwadushy ira imbere, bugahindura ibihugu byacu maze bigasho-bora kugira ubwenge nk’ibindi.
Ikibazo cy’uyu mugabo agisangiye n’ubu n’abandi bibaza nibambere yo gutira amagambo mu ndimi z’i Burayi batabanza qushakishi-riza mu zifitanye isano tuvuge nk’indimi bantu.
Dore Abanyarwanda – Abarundi bari muri Uganda icyo gihe
Igihe ibyo kwigenga byatangiye guhwihwiswa abantu bah ise bibazaniba Rwanda-Urundi izaba Leta imwe cyangwa niba buri gihugu kizagiraubwigenge bwacyo, lcyo gite kerezo cyo kugira Leta imwe cyari gishyigi-kiwe cy ane n’abantu bari mu mahanga.
ishyirahamwe ryitwa “Abanyarwanda-Abarundi bibumbye”. BiyitagaAbanyarwanda n’Abarundi babaga muri Uganda bari barahimbyen’Abadahemu ka» . Bari bashyigi kiwe na Rudah igwa na Mwambutsa ndetse abo bami bombi Kabaka Eduwaridi Mutesa wi Buganda abubakira inyo gu koreramo.
Abari bagize iryo shyirahamwe basha kaga ko Rwanda-Unind:yigenga vuba kandi igakomeza kuba igihugu kimwe.
Kuri Yubile y’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu Rudahigwa yari amazeategeka, umukuru w’iryo shyirahamwe wari woherejwe mu birori kuriha-gararira yavuze ijambo ryanditswe muri K.M. 15 Nyakanga 1957. Yubileyo yizihijwe muri Kamena 1957.
Yatangiye ashima ibyo u Rwanda n’u Burundi byagezeho kuberaAbazungu, akomereza ku byo kwaka ubwigenge ati “… Ababirigi batu-reze neza…. cyo se hari umuntu urenza imyaka makumy abiri n’itanuagitekererez wa n’umurera ? Hari ugeza icyo gihe atarihakirwa ? Hariugeza icyo gihe ntabe yakwiyubakira urugo ?”
Ajya kurangiza ijambo rye ryarimo ibitekerezo bigaya Ababirigiyagize ati “…. Hariho n’ikindi Banyarwanda n’Abarundi tudakwiyekwibagirwa. Rwanda-Urundi irashaka ko tuba umuryango umvwe. Mwiba-girwe ubwanzi bwa kera kugira ngo dushyire hamvwe, igihugu cyacukijye mbere”.
Iryo jambo yaribwiraga imbaga y’abantu barimo abakuru b’ibihugunka Mwambutsa w’i Burundi, Mutesa w’i Buganda, Ruviki wa Toro,Kashyonga wa Nkole, Mpoze w’u Bushi na Vise Guverineri Jenerariwa Rwanda-Urundi,
Byarangiriye muri LONI
Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri iyo Yubile ibaye, ku itariki ya 25 Nyakanga1959 ni bwo Mutara Rudahigwa yatangaga asiga mu Rwanda hari ibibazby’inzitane byari bimaze nk’imyaka itanu bisa kuza kubera akarengale Ka rubanda rugufi. Ubwo n’Abanyarwanda bari batangiye no kwinubira
“ubukoron ize” bw’Ababirigi .Hashize amezi ane Rudahigwa atanze, ni bwo habaga amahindurayatangiye mu Gushy ingo 1959, ubutegetsi bwacyami busimburwa
n’ubushingiye ku bo abaturage bitoroye, Nk’uko tubibwirwa na Diarnes(Diyarine) “uretse Gineya, u Rwanda ni cyo gihugu revolusiyo yabanjiri-je Indepandansi” (Diarnes : 427).
Ubwo abo hakurya y’Akanyaru bari batararota gukuraho umwami,nyamara icyo gihe cy’amahindura yatangiraga mu Rwanda, muri LONIbigaga ikibazo cyʻubwigenge bwa Rwanda-Urundi. Abenshi bashakagako bikomeza kuba igihugu kimwe ariko bakibaza uko iby’umukuruw’igihugu bizagenda.
Intumwa ikomoka muri Amerika yo hepfo yasabye ikomeje koicyo gihugu cya Rwanda-Urundi nikibona ubwigenge kizajyagitegekwa n’umwami w’u Rwanda mu mwaka utari igiharwe,umwami w’u Burundi agategeka mu mwaka wigiharwe, imi-hango yo gusimburana ku butegetsi igakorwa issa sita y joroumwaka mushya utangiye. (Harroy :218).
Igihe cy ‘ubwigenge cyegereje. Inte ko Rusange ya Loni yateranyekuri 26 Gashyantare 1962 isuzuma ikibazo cya Rwanda-Urundi. Yashi-nze impugu ke zayo kugikemura zifatanyije n’intumwa z’ibyo bihugu. Ba-giranye inama Addis-Abeba muri Etiyopiya guhera ku itariki ya 9 kugezaku ya 19 Mata 1962. Yarangiye hemejwe ko u Rwanda n’u Burundi bita-ndukanywa kimwe kikagira ubwigenge bwacyo.
Paternostre yanditse (p. 273) ko icyo cyemezo kitashimishijeInteko Rusange ya LONI. Intumwa z’ibihugu byinshi zifuzaga ko u Rwa-nda n’u Burundi bitatandu kana. Na Yusitini Kalibwami wanditse cyaneku mateka y’u Rwanda avuga ko bibabaje kubona ibyo bihugu bitara-komeje kwibumbira hamwe, ngo biba bikomeye kurusha uko bimeze ubu(Kalibwarni 1984 :79).
Urebye bose batekerezaga ibidashoboka. lcyo gihe cyo mu 1962,u Rwanda rwari muri Repubulika, u Burundi bugitege kwa n’umwami.Ubwo Perezida Gerigori Kay ibanda n’umwami Mwambutsa IV Bangiri-cenge bash oboraga bate gusimburana ku butegetsi nk’iyo cya gite kerezocya wa mugabo wo muri Amerika yo hepfo cyubahirizwa ?Ndetse mu biganiro bavuga ko n’ubwigenge Mwambutsa we
atanabushakaga. Ngo yabwiye umuhungu we Ludoviko Rwa-abagore urafise, ugwo rupanda urarondera ugw iki nka biriyagasore wabuharaniraga ati «amahera urafise umuduga urafise,bihume by ‘Abanyag wanda » (Urupanda ni indepandansi.
Mwambutsa yabuzaga hwagasore Kuyinaranira ashyizehoumurego ngo hato atazabizira.)
Ku Itariki ya 1 Nya kanga 1962 ni ho u Rwanda rwongeye kuha”rwo rwonyine”” ku mugani wa Musenyeri Bigirumwami, rusubiranabwige nge bwarwo nk’uko Kagame yakundaga kubivuga. Ubu rwiyungan’andi mahanga ku bwende bwarwo, ndetse unarebye ubu inkiko zarwoziracyari ahateye inkingi n’inkenke nka kera. Kubera ko igihugu kigirwan’isi n’abantu kandi ububanyi bw’Abanyarwanda n’Abanyamahangabukaba budasiba gutera imbere, ubwo u Rwanda na rwo ruhora rwaguraamarembo.